Awards and Recognition: France

Established on 19 May 1802 by Napoleon Bonaparte, the National Order of the Legion of Honour is France's highest decoration, recognizing eminent merit in military or civil life. It is divided into five degrees: Chevalier (Knight), Officier (Officer), Commandeur (Commander), Grand Officier (Grand Officer), and Grand Croix (Grand Cross). While primarily awarded to French nationals, foreign nationals who have served France or its ideals may also be honoured. Notably, World War II veterans who fought under enemy fire on French soil are eligible. The President of France, as Grand Master of the Order, confers the distinctions.

Established in 1915, the Croix de Guerre is a French military decoration awarded for acts of bravery in combat. The addition of a silver star (étoile d'argent) signifies a citation at the division level, indicating a higher degree of recognition for gallant conduct. This decoration acknowledges soldiers mentioned in dispatches for exemplary service during wartime, specifically in World War I or II. The silver star distinguishes the award from those with bronze stars, reflecting the level of command that issued the citation.

Established in 1915, the Croix de Guerre is a French military decoration recognizing acts of bravery in combat. The bronze star (étoile de bronze) denotes a citation at the regiment or brigade level, acknowledging commendable service mentioned in dispatches by lower-level command. This award honors soldiers who demonstrated courage and valour during wartime, particularly in World War I or II. The bronze star differentiates it from higher-level citations, such as those with silver stars, by indicating the level at which the act was recognized.